yikes. all these entries are making buddhism look reeely complicated. that's just because i like to explore. actually buddhism is pretty simple. its like walking or breathing, basic and essential, but if you tried to explain how to breathe or how to walk — go ahead, try it! — it gets complicated pretty quick.
the entries like this are supposed to be core ideas, and like this are the very center of the thing.
ahimsa अहिंसा ahiṃsā not strike avihiṃsā ... | Skt. | "not harming" not strike all |
Not hurting, not harming; gentleness towards all living beings. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
TBD
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
amṛta अमृत düdsi | Skt. | "that which is immortal" all |
"Ambrosia, food of the gods; the Elixir of Immortality; also a metaphor for spiritual healing." biblio: Born in Tibet, Chogyam Trungparef |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
TBD
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
anatman ... without soul anatta ... | Skt. | "without soul" all |
No self intrinsically exists; it is no more "real" than the rest of "reality". One of the central teachings of Buddhism. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"No self exists in the sense of a permanent, eternal, integral, and independent substance within an individual existent." WisdomLib Related to the concept of emptiness. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
anicca ... without ... ... ... | Skt. |
"without ..." impermanence |
Nothing lasts; everything changes. This is not a bad thing, this is what is. It is our response to it — clinging. holding. wanting. reacting. — that causes trouble. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
When I understand that this glass is already broken, every minute with it is precious.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
animals ... ... | Eng. |
“For other creatures, even insects, there is no need for awakening. They are nature as they are.”
“[But] people who haven’t awakened to the true nature haven’t fulfilled their mission as humans.”
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
TBD
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
apocalypse ... ... ... | Eng. | "to uncover or reveal" christianity |
"It's an unveiling of the actual reality veiled behind a damaging status quo."
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
TBD
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
arhat arahat ... ... ... ... | Skt. |
A bikkhu who has reached enlightenment. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
TBD
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
arya | Skt. | noble all |
1) (First syllable long) In Buddhism, a saint or holy person, one who controls all his desires.
2)
An
Aryan
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
TBD
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aryan | Skt. | noble all |
A person speaking an Aryan (Indo-Iranian) language. ... |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
... This group of languages includes old and modern Persian, Kurdish, Ossetic, Pashto, Beluchi, and Scythian, as well as the languages more closely related to Sanskrit: Assamese, Bengali, Bihari, Cutchi, Gujerati, Hindi, Kashmikri, Magadhi, Sinhalese (on Sri Lanka) and Urdu. In the Veda, Arya is the name by which the authors refer to themselves and their own people. The other people in india are called Dasyu. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref The Aryan people probably migrated into india around 5000-3000 BCE. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atiyana | Skt. | "ultimate way" |
"The last and highest vehicle of spiritual instruction." ref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
atman ... spirit ... ... | Skt. | "breath" |
"breath"; "soul", "spirit" (sort of) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
Originally this word meant "breath", then, in the sense of "last breath", its meaning develops into "spirit". Yet the concept of an individual spirit or soul is curiously underdeveloped in Hinduism, if one compares its evolution in Christian thinking. From a Western point of view, on the other hand, the abstract concept of atman is very difficult to grasp, precisely because it is not limited to an individual soul or spirit. Atman is our innermost self, so deeply hidden inside our minds that most people never even discover it. The sages, however, (Plato's "philosphers") recognize in the innermost nucleus of their psyche that which is identical with the divine world-soul, the cosmic all-soul out of which all moving life and thinking perception emanates, the Universal consciousness, atman.
Tat tvam asi:
thou art that."
Atman thus means "world-spirit, the limitless ocean of the soul-universe," as well as "individual soul, my own spirit". Whoever can think through these two absolutely contradictory concepts and see them as one, that person has begun to grasp the essence of Hinduism. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref
In some teachings of
Buddhism,
there are five atmans:
Atman - 'sight',
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Auspicious Symbols | Eng. |
The Tibetan Eight Auspicious Symbols: parasol, banner, conch, fishes, vase, knot, wheel, lotus. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
avatar | Skt. |
"descent" |
The divine spirit as descending from heaven to earth, and taking up its abode in a human body or other material form. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
avidya अविद्या avidyā ajnana ignorance ... མ་རིག་པ་ma rig pa | Skt. | ignorance all |
Ignorance, ajnana, the main cause of suffering. The opposite of vidyā or rigpa, awareness. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
One of the Three Poisons ( anger, greed, ignorance). All resolve to the core: ignorance. The first of the twelve links of dependent origination, as pictured on the wheel of life. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
bardo བར་དོ་ stage between antarabhāva ... metaxu | Tib. | "intermediate state" mahayana |
The state between death and rebirth. ref "that state in which we have lost our old reality and it is no longer available to us" and we are open to this moment and to enlightenment. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"More generally, these moments when gaps appear, interrupting the continuity that we otherwise project onto our lives." "At times like this, if we can gain freedom from the eternal grasping onto who I am and how things are — our default mode — then we can get to the business of being." "There is an incredible reality that opens up to us in those gaps if we just do not reject rupture. In fact, if we have some reliable idea of what is happening in that intermediate, groundless space, rupture can become rapture." The four essential points:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
beauty | eng | ... |
Seems to be important to everyone, yet it is hard to find anything substantive written about it. Seems to have some relationship to power. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"The beautiful is the experimental proof that the incarnation is possible." go: more at Wikipedia.org (new window - secure tab)Simone Weil |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
bhadrakalpa | Skt. |
"We believe that during the present Kalpa the incarnation of a thousand supreme Buddhas will take place in this world." ref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
bhakti ... love ... ... | Skt. | devotion, dedication, love |
Of the devotee to the spirit, and of the spirit to the devotee. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
bhava | Skt. | "becoming" |
Existence; coming-to-be. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
The next existence to which one will be reborn. Part of samsara to which all human beings are chained. The 10th of the twelve links of dependent origination, as pictured on the wheel of life. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
bhavacakra | Skt. | wheel of becoming |
The Wheel of Life
or Wheel of Becoming
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
bhumisparsha | Skt. | earth witness |
The mudra in which the right hand is turned with the palm towards the spectator, touching the ground below the right knee. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
The Buddha is often sculpted in this mudra position, which represents the moment when he called the earth to witness (sparsha) that he had never interrupted his severe asceticism and was never seduced. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
bija-mantra | Skt. | "seed-syllable" |
"In the Tantrist tradition, the followers have to repeat certain mantras, formulas which contain compressed magic power. bija ("seed-pearl") mantras are single syllables, each of which represents a god or goddess, is the deity." biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
bodhi ... awakening, truth ... ... | Skt. | enlightenment all |
Enlightenment: The ultimate goal in life for every Buddhist. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
Bodhi comes only to those who have mastered all their thoughts, suppressed their fantasies and who control all their desires so that they are never jealous, disappointed or angry. Bodhi is the insight that human life is only suffering. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
bodhicitta | Skt. | "awakening mind" mahayana |
Good heart, altruism |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bon | Tib. |
Also, Bön.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
broken | Eng. |
It's ok to be broken, that's how the light gets in Ernest Hemingway I may be broken, but i still work. T-shirt seen on person on street in Bangkok When I understand that this glass is already broken, every minute with it is precious. Ajahn Chah |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
buddha-dharma bodhi-dharma | Skt. | "awakened one law" all |
The teachings of the Buddha, the Four Noble Truths and the Eight-fold Path, by which one may find release from samsara. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
buddha-mandala | Skt. | "awakened one circle" mahayana |
A mandala representing various levels and aspects inherent in Buddhahood. ref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
buddha-sasana | Skt. | "awakened one teachings" |
The teachings of the Buddha, the Buddha-dharma or Bodhi-dharma. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
buddhi | Skt. | "comprehension"; same root as Buddha all |
to know: "the immediate apprehension by the mind without reasoning." Intelligence, comprehension, which makes bodhi, (enlightenment), possible. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
buddhism chos ... ... | Eng. | all |
The practice of the teachings of the buddha. The two supporting pillars of buddhism are the teachings of wisdom and compassion
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
Gautauma Buddha's "teaching differs from that of other Buddhas; while most of them preached only on Sutra (doctrinal treatises), he preached also on Tantras (instructions on spiritual method)." ref
Differs from other major world spiritual traditions in
that it is non-theistic.
What makes you a buddhist? Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche says, accepting the truth of the Four Seals, at LionsRoar.com |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
cause of suffering | Eng. |
The second of the
Four Noble Truths
The cause of suffering is also called "desire" (samudaya). |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
chakra cakra cycle wheel ... khor lo | Skt. | "wheel" |
Energy centers of the body.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"Given by Shiva to Vishnu as a weapon to destroy the demons. Vishnu throws it in such a way that it emits sparks while rotating. It never misses its mark." biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref Also samsara, Wheel of Dharma, Wheel of Life. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
chakravala cakravala | Skt. | "circular enclosure" |
"The Buddhist universe divided into three sections: ... |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
... the 136 hells below, the 26 heavens above, and in between the worlds of the animals, ghosts, demons, and people. The center is Mount Meru." biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
chela ... student ... ... | Skt. | student all |
Student, especially of a guru. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
chetana consciousness ... སེམས་པ། sems pa sem pa | Skt. |
"intention" also "consciousness" |
to have intention, to think. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about the word
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
chod yon མཆོད་ཡོན་ ... ... ... | Tib. | "priest-patron relationship" tibetan |
The relationship between a religious figure and a lay patron in Tibetan ideology or political theory. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
Used by the 13th Dalai Lama for the relationship between |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
chos ... dharma to hold ... | Tib. |
Skt: dharma Eng: teaching all |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
cintamani | Skt. |
"thought magnet", "thought(?) jewel" all |
A jewel (ratna) for learning the art of concentration. Represented with the Dhayni-Buddha Ratnasambhava |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
country | Eng. | ... |
It is only in relatively modern times, as population has grown and different peoples have bumped up against each other, that the rigid concept of a "nation" has developed, with defined physical boundaries and a discrete government. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In this Web, i am using names such as "tibet", "china", as a shorthand for geographical areas where similar people lived and identified; not to imply any state or nationhood. I will specify when referring to a nation-state government, rather than an area of people. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
dana giving caga ... ... | Skt. |
dana: giving caga: generosity all |
"Even if a person throws the rinsings of a bowl or a cup into a village pool or pond, thinking, 'May whatever animals live here feed on this,' that would be a source of merit." go: "dana" at AccessToInsight.org (new window - secure tab)ref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
darshan darsana, darshana ... teaching ... ... | Skt. | "teaching" all | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
death | Eng. |
See delusion, reincarnation, nirvana. It is said that your life flashes before your eyes just before you die. That is true, it's called Life. Terry Pratchett, The Last Continent When one door closes, another opens Alexander Graham Bell Death is only the end if you assume the story is about you Welcome to Night Vale Each night, when I go to sleep, I die. And the next morning, when I wake up, I am reborn. Mahatma Gandhi |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
English often flattens the concept of love in Sanskrit by translating all nine varieties of love with the one word “love”. The same for the words for "death": Pratap Bhanu Mehta 19 aug 2015 22 pages of Sanskrit words for death: SpokenSanskrit.de |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
deity yoga ... ... ... ... | Eng. | tibetan buddhism |
Form of meditation in which practitioner visualizes self as a deity. A central practice in Tibetan Buddhism. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
delusion | Eng. | all |
One of the two causes of suffering. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"Not a part of the essential or central mind, which is intrinsically pure: it is a defect of one of the peripheral or secondary minds." ref Many kinds of delusion: passion, anger, pride, hatred, hostility, etc. Passion and hostility are the main delusions; both are attachment. "... all cognizable things are empty by their very nature, but through delusion they appear as self-originating and as self-sufficing entities. Conversely, this distorted concept is at the root of all delusions." ref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
dependent arising dependent origination, conditioned co-production ... ... ... | Eng. | all |
The interrelatedness of all things. Nothing arises of itself; each thing is dependent upon the other. A corollary of the idea of emptiness |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
deva ... deity ... ... | Skt. | "deity" all |
deity |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
dharani | Skt. | all |
" ... means for fixing the mind upon an idea, a vision or an experience gained in meditation. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
They may represent the quintessence of a teaching as well as the experience of a certain state of consciousness, which hereby can be recalled or recreated deliberately at any time. Therefore they are also called supporters, receptacles or bearers of wisdom (vidyadhara). They are not different from mantras in their function but to some extent in their form, in so far as they may attain a considerable length and sometimes represent a combination of many mantras or 'seed-syllables' (bija-mantras), or the quintessence of a sacred text. They were a product as well as a means of meditation: “through deep absorption (samadhi) one gains a truth, through a dharani one fixes and retains it.” ref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
dharma chos teaching, law (sort of) dhamma | Skt. | "that which is right", law, eternal truth, righteousness, discipline all |
1)
The teachings of the
Buddha:
Including the
Four Noble Truths.
2)
The Ultimate Reality.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"All the objects of this world which have definable identities
of their own are known as dharmas.
There is another meaning of dharma, and this is:
'to hold back from impending disaster'.
It is in this sense that dharma can mean
'religion';
religion, that is to say, as opposed to secularism.
Generally speaking, any noble activity of
mind,
body and speech denote dharma or religion -- which
can save or hold one back from disaster.
One is considered to practice religion if one
implements these activities."
2) As an abstract Sanskrit term, refers not only to a person's rights but foremost to his duties, which arise from the position in life and society into which he is born. Dharama cannot be changed. In this sense can be translated as "law". biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref The teachings are contained in the tripitaka. "The religion founded by the Buddha, his Doctrine; the law or 'Norm' governing all existence; any particular entity, thing or being. The dharmas are the innumerable things composing the Universe." ref "The order of things, the cosmic system and absolute Truth. In plural form, written without a capital letter, dharmas are the phenomena ordered by this law." ref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
dharmachakra | Skt. | "destiny wheel" mahayana buddhism |
The Wheel of Destiny, to which all humans are chained by their own state of desire. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
The
mudra
of the
Dhyani-Buddhas
Vairocana
and
Maitreya,
signifying the never-ending
cycle
suffering
cause by ever-returning
births
and
deaths,
which is in turn caused by
samudaya (desire).
biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
dharmakaya | Skt. |
"truth
body", dharma form mahayana |
"The ultimate body [of the buddha], the absolute." LionsRoar "One of the three aspects of the buddha's cosmic body (kaya). biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
The other two aspects are the sambhogakaya (enjoyment body), and nirmanakaya (enamation body), Dharamakaya is: "The ultimate body, the absolute. It is without form, substance, or concept of any sort, including existence and nonexistence. It is the formless form we enter through the gateless gate. The dharmakaya is, as it says in one Vajrayana chant, 'nothing whatever but everything arises from it.'" LionsRoar ... Literally 'the Body of the Law', the substance of the Law, which is Buddha themself, being pure Truth. This substance has no shape, so that it is not in any place, nor is there a place where it is not. It neither comes nor does it go anywere." biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref "The 'Body of Quiddity' or 'Essential Body' of all the Buddhas; the 'Body of the Norm'; the inexpressible reality underlying everything." biblio: Born Trungpa"ref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
dhyana jhana meditation tib: gom ch'an Thiền zen | Skt. | "insight", "meditation" all |
Just sitting. One of the pursuits of the mind in following the Path. Meditation is simply seeing how we can relate to our already existing enlightened state. To do that is a matter of trust, as well as a matter of openness. Chögyam Trungpa Rinpoche |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about the word
|
more about
Basically meditation is just sitting and being. We do it quite a lot, without even knowing it. But when we start doing it consciously, it helps our monkey mind to have some structure. So various methods of meditation have been identified ...
breath: watching the breath
Dhyana-yoga,
complete absorption in thought,
exercises in concentration
(samadhi).
more about
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
dhyanaloka | Skt. | "meditation place" |
"One of ten heavens where Buddhists enjoy eternal meditation." biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
dhyanamudra | Skt. | "meditation hand-position" |
"A position of sitting in which the palms are turned upwards, the right hand is placed on the left hand and both are resting relaxed in the meditator's lap, ready to receive bodhi (enlightenment). This is the mudra signifying yoga or dhyana, a state of concentration biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
dosha | Skt. | "hatred" |
Hatred, anger. Caused by trishna (desire). |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
dukkha ... "sour", "souring" ... ... ... | Pali |
lit:
"souring"
|
Dukkha means merely the pervasive feeling of discomfort or dissatisfaction in life. Dukkha is the nature of samsara (existence), and is the base condition that is addressed by the teachings of buddhism.
That "all is dukkha" is the first of the
Four Noble Truths
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
One thing I teach, dukkha and release from dukkha. The Buddha
The purpose of dukkha is to spur us to learn how to go beyond dukkha.
go: "Not being buddha is suffering" at BuddhismNow.com (new window - secure tab)Not being buddha is suffering, by Buddhism Now go: "What is dukkha" by Buddhadasa Bhikku, at BuddhismNow.com (new window - secure tab)What is dukkha, by Buddhadasa Bhikku |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
dzogchen ... ... ... ... ch'an zen | Tib. | all |
A Tibetan form of Chan (Zen) Buddhism with methods of rapid enlightenment. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Eight-fold Path ashtapatha madhyapatha | Eng. | all |
In Buddhism, the path by which one may reach moksha (liberation) from samsara. The path consists of: Right Views, Right Resolve, Right Speech, Right conduct, Right Livelihood, Right Effort, Right Recollection, Right Meditation. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref BuddhismNow WisdomLib |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
evaṃ mayā śrutam | Skt. | thus have i heard all |
The traditional words prefacing teachings of the Buddha. “The collected works of important teachers in Tibet, too, are known as collected speech — bka' 'bum or gsung 'bum.” Adam S. Pearcey |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
evil | Eng. | all |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Five Precepts | Eng. | all |
Part of the Buddha-dharma by which one may attain moksha (liberation). Right living by refraining from:
The Pancha Sila. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
fire | Eng. | Practice as if your hair were on fire. The Buddha all |
We revolve like a wheel of fire, giving birth to one another, mutually giving rise to one another, and we recreate the cycles of dependent existence by craving and grasping. The Dalai Lama |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
The Fire SermonThe earnest spiritual aspirant ... advances like a fire, burning all his fetters. The Buddha The artist should be like the prisoner, tied to the stake, signaling through the flames. Antonin Artaud |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fire Sermon Ādittapariyāya Sutta Āditta Sutta Adittapariyana Sutta | Eng. | Bhikkhus, all is burning. all |
the Buddha describes the sense bases and resultant mental phenomena as "burning" with passion, aversion, delusion and suffering. Seeing this, the disciple becomes disenchanted with, dispassionate toward, and thus liberated from the sense bases, achieving liberation. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Four Noble Truths | Eng. | all |
The Four Noble Truths are the dharma, the basis of buddhism, the core of the teaching: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"Lord Buddha said: 'This is true suffering; this is true cause; this is true cessation; this is the true path.' He also said: 'Know the sufferings; give up their causes; attain the cessation of sufferings; follow the true paths.'
Again, he said:
'Know the sufferings although there is nothing to know;
relinquish the causes of misery although there is nothing
to relinquish;
be earnest in cessation although there is nothing to cease;
practise the means of cessation although there is
nothing to practice.'
-- XIV Dalai Lama biblio: HHDL Introduction to Buddhismref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gelukpa gelug gelukpa | Tib. | "the virtuous" |
Tibetan Buddhist school headed by the Dalai Lama. The Karmapa Lama also belongs to this school. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"The latest of the four schools ...
founded early in the
fifteenth century
by
Lobsang Tragpa
(Tsongkhapa)
... In this school great emphasis is laid on scriptural
study and learning generally."
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greater Vehicle | Eng. |
Mahayana
school of
Buddhism.
Also,
Universal Vehicle
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
guru dakshina | Skt. | "teacher offering" |
An offering to one's spiritual teacher. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
heaven | Eng. |
Buddhism has many heavens, but they are not to be thought of as final resting places, but as symbols. Some of the heavens are dhyanaloka and tushita. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hinayana | Skt.? | "lesser way" all |
The Personal Vehicle; Lesser Vehicle; Individual Vehicle; contrasted with Mahayana, the Greater or Universal Vehicle. Corresponds to the preliminary stages of the spiritual Way. biblio: Born in Tibet, Chogyam Trungparef |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
Main goal is to reach enlightenment (bodhi), and become an arhat.
"seek to attain
nirvana
for the individual's own sake.
... the
mind
should be trained to exercise a strong will
in order to renounce
Samsara:
it should pursue religious
ethics,
and simultaneously practice concentration
(Samadhi)
and
meditation
(
Vipassana:
Tibetan -
Lhagthong
),
so that
delusion
and the seeds of delusion may
be purged, and may not grow again.
Thus Nirvana is attained.
The paths to be followed including the Paths of
Preparation, Application,
Seeing, Practice and Fulfillment."
One school of Hinayana is Theravada. (This particular terminology belongs to the Northern schools of Buddhism; the Southern schools do not use these terms). biblio: Born in Tibet, Chogyam Trungparef |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
hua t’ou 話頭 hwadu wato | Ch. |
Like a koan, but shorter, a hua t'ou is a form of meditation that "can be carried out by laymen in the midst of their daily activities." source [PDF] One often used is I Mo Ko - What is this? |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
iddhi དབང་? dbang power Ṛddhi |
"power"
The normal Sanskrit meaning of ṛddhi is "increase, growth, prosperity, success, good fortune, wealth, abundance". [1] |
Ṛddhi : "psychic powers", one of the five or six supernormal powers (abhijñā) of the mundane plane attained by performing the four dhyānas in Buddhism. Ṛddhi at Wikipedia |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
iddhipāda power base Ṛddhipāda ... | Pali | "power base" |
"base of power" or "base of spiritual power". "supernatural power". A group of spiritual or psychic powers that include teleportation and other forms of bodily transformation. Has four elements: concentration on intention, effort, consciousness, and investigation. Iddhipāda at Wikipedia |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
i mo ko | Kor. |
A hou t'ou,
(like a
koan)
used for meditation.
It means "What is this?"
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
insight | Eng. | seeing all |
"Insight meditation": |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jataka | Skt. | birth, incarnation |
A previous incarnation of the Buddha; part of the history of his previous lives as a bodhisattva. A legend about one of those lives. (Chadanta, Hare, Mahasattva, Yasapani, biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jataka Tales | Eng. |
Stories of the Buddha's lives in previous incarnations. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
jati | Skt. | "birth" |
Birth. Part of samsara to which all human beings are chained. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
jiva | Skt. |
Life, the soul of a person, his principle of life. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
jivatama | Skt. |
The animating soul, the immaterial part of a person. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
jnana mudra | Skt. | "knowledge-hand-position" |
The buddha is often shown with this mudra, the "sign of insight": holding up his hand with the thumb touching the tip of the middle or index finger, forming a circle, signifying all round knowledge of the three worlds. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ka | Skt. |
"This meditation-syllable represents for some the creator, the unknown God who created Existence itself and all the gods after them. They are identified with Hiranyagarbha and later with Prajapati-Brahma; she may also be the Goddess." biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
kagyud karma-ka-gyu kagyupa mouth ... ... ... | Tib. | "oral tradition" |
School of Tibetan Buddhism, founded about 1079 CE on the teachings of Marpa the Translator, whose teachings were passed on to his famous disciple, Milarepa biblio: Jetsun Pema, Tibet My Storyref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
The leader of this school is the
Karmapa Lama
(?),
or
Gyalwa Karmapa.
One of its
teachers
is the
Trungpa Tulku
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
kahanti ... patience khanti | Skt. |
"patience", "forbearance" all |
One of the Six (or Ten) Perfections, or Virtues. “In your patience, you will own your heart.” go: article about patience by Corrado Pensa at buddhismnow.com (new window - secure tab)">ref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
“Patient contemplation, affectionate contemplation of our sadness, is just one more invitation to practise contemplation first instead of practising reactivity first, judging first, talking first.” go: article about patience by Corrado Pensa at buddhismnow.com (new window - secure tab)">ref Nice article by Corrado Pensa at Buddhism Now and good discussions at Buddhism Stack Exchange. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kalachakra ... ... ... | Skt. |
"wheel of time", "wheel of seasons" mahayana |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
kalpa | Skt. | aeon all |
Aeon, period of history. The present kalpa is the Bhadrakalpa. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
"A day of the god Brahma, equalling four billion human years. According to Buddha, when a piece of cloth has rubbed away a rock 16 miles high, long, and broad, one second of Kalpa is past." biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
kama trishna ... | Pali | "passion" sexual desire all |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
'Sex is a powerful force in us all. In itself it is neither "good" nor "bad." But it can certainly create problems." ... It is "just about the strongest urge there is" and like all other forms of attachment can be a hindrance to enlightenment.
'"I am in love" means "I want me to be happy, through you";
more at go: "Buddhism and Sex" at Viet.net (new window - secure tab)Viet.net |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
kamadhatu | Skt. | "passion world" all |
This "world of earthly desires which causes delusion." biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
karma kamma | Skt. |
"act, deed", in particular, "sacrifice" all |
Interdependence of actions and consequences. One of the two causes of suffering "Karma ... is conditioning and not fate. Buddhism suggests that we rid ourselves of this conditioning through the achievement of awareness and sensitivity, thereby behaving with full consciousness." biblio: Jetsun Pema, Tibet My Storyref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"Karma has been defined as 'concordant action and reaction'.
According to the higher schools of buddhism,
Karma has two aspects, known in Tibetan as
Sempai Le
and
Sampai Le.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
karuṇā kripa mahakaruna karuna compassion སྙིང་རྗེ snying rje tib: tsewa | Skt., Pali | "compassion" kripa - ... mahakaruna - great compassion nying je - heart tsewa - love and warm heart all |
“The knowledge that we are all part of the union of existence, and the resulting understanding of all living beings, leads to our wish to help them in their suffering.” biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
katak | Tib. | tibetan |
A white silk scarf used ceremonially. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
kaya སྐུ་sku | Skt. |
"body" bundle, heap, dimension, field, basis all |
The different manifestations or dimensions of a buddha, which is the ultimate, universal reality. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
Tibetan word ku is the honorific term used to refer to an enlightened being's 'body'. lü designates an 'ordinary' person's body. From go to 'kaya' at RigpaWiki.org (new window - secure tab)RigpaWiki Bodies, or aspects, in which the Universal Buddha dwells in the cosmos as a living spirit, motivated by compassion for our suffering, full of complete knowledge and wisdom. There are three kayas: Dharmakaya, Nirmanakaya, Sambhogakaya. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
knowledge nyana jnana know γνῶσις - gnosis རིག་པ་rig pa | Eng. |
"knowledge, insight" inside knowledge, direct knowledge all |
Knowledge is "the most desirable acquisition in both Hindu and Buddhist philosophy. Without it there is only ignorance, ajnana, the cause of suffering and evil." biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"Only knowledge enables us to follow the correct path." biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref Jnana is a cognitive event which is recognized when experienced. It is knowledge inseparable from the total experience of reality, especially a total or divine reality. ... it is knowledge which gives release from bondage. wikipedia |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
koan 公案 公案 gōng'àn 공안 kong'an công án koan | Jap. | "public" + "matter for thought" zen |
A phrase for contemplation. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about the words for
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
kuten | Tib. | "physical basis" tibetan buddhism |
The monk who is the medium for the
Nechung oracle,
Dorje Drakden
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lam rim | Tib. | "graduated path" tibetan buddhism |
Teachings leading to enlightenment. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lhagthong vipassana | Tib. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lingkhor | Tib. | "holy circuit" tibetan buddhism |
A holy walk. A circumambulation path for pilgrims. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lojong | Tib. |
"mind training", "thought transformation" tibetan buddhism |
"Transformation of the mind" — Teachings of practices to change one's thinking and way of life. The core of the practices is that we can use our difficulties and problems to awaken our hearts. ref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
lokhor ... ... ... | Tib. | "year" tibetan |
"The Tibetan year - begins with the new moon, a month or two before the Western spring. It consists of twelve lunar months with fluctuating days and months. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
According to Tibetan astrological calculations, some days in a month could be missed out or repeated, and sometimes in a year a whole month could be missed out or repeated." "Tibetan months do not have names but are designated by numbers. The seven days of the week are represented by by the sun, moon, and the five visible planets. In ancient Tibet, the calendar followed a 12-year cycle. In the eleventh century, a 60-year cycle named Rabjung was introduced. biblio: Jetsun Pema, Tibet My Storyref The Tibetan New Year is called Losar. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lotus Sutra Saddharma Puṇḍarīka Sūtra सद्धर्मपुण्डरीक सूत्र 妙法蓮華經 དམ་ཆོས་པད་མ་དཀར་པོའི་མདོ dam chos padma dkar po'i mdo damchö pema karpo | Eng. | Scripture of the Lotus Blossom of the Fine Dharma Mahayana |
A sermon by the
Buddha,
known for its 7 (8) parables, among them
"the children and the burning house",
and for teaching that there is only
a single path to buddhahood, with teachings addapted to capacities of the audience.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
Knowing the predilections and capacities of sentient beings, the Buddha lures them to various paths to escape saṃsāra by offering them something that appeals to their limited aspirations. However, this is his skillful method. When they have set out on that path, or even reached its final destination, he reveals that there is only one path and one goal, far superior to what he had taught before: the single vehicle to buddhahood. Donald S. Lopez, Jr. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
love | Eng. | all |
Caring about someone/something. This can take many forms — bhakti (devotional love), kama (passion). caring about one's parents, caring about one's children, feeling at one with the world, as examples. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
English often flattens the concept of love in Sanskrit by translating all nine varieties of love with the one word “love”: Pratap Bhanu Mehta 19 aug 2015 “Sanskrit has ninety-six words for love; ancient Persian has eighty, Greek three, and English only one." Lorin Roche 2011 25 pages of Sanskrit words for love: SpokenSanskrit.de |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Madhyapatha | Skt. | "middle path" all |
The Middle Path,
the
Eightfold Path.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
mahayana | Skt. |
"greater vehicle" "The Great Way" "The Universal Vehicle" mahayana |
The emphasis in Mahayana is in attaining the highest stage, of nirvana (Buddhahood) for the sake not only of the individual but of all sentient beings. The Buddhism of Tibet, Mongolia, Bhutan, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, and other South, East, and Southeast Asian countries is Mahāyāna. The Mahāyāna tradition is the largest major tradition of Buddhism existing today. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"The presumed dichotomy between Mahāyāna and Hīnayāna can be deceptive, as the two terms were not actually formed in relation to one another in the same era." WikiPedia "Began to flourish in northwest india (in what is now northwest Pakistan) just before the beginning of the Christian era." biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan KnappertKnappert "The Mahayana books are all based on the Sanskrit tradition of Buddhism, many works now in use in China are known only in Chinese translation, the Sanskrit original having been lost." biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref "The mutation of the original 'pure' Buddhism in China can partly be explained by the fundamental difference in structure between Sanskrit and Chinese. Sanskrit is composed of complex words which are strung together into long sentences with an advanced logical content. Chinese is composed of autonomous monosyllabic roots each of which contains endless reflections of semantic facets, which cannot well be understood without an older master. Thus Mahayana became the doctrine which has to be studied with a hierarchical superior, whereas the original Buddhism teaches spiritual independence." biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
mandala | Skt. | "pivot, axle" mahayana |
A sacred diagram, used in visualizaton and meditation. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
The mountain used by the gods for the churning of the milk ocean when they created the universe. The mountain was the pole around which the snake Basuki was wound. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
mani | Tib. | tibetan |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
mantra | Skt. |
"syllable" (?)
"thinking-tool" all |
A verbal formula repeated as a form of meditation, such as, om mani padme hung |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
" ... the root man = 'to think' (in Greek 'menos', Latin 'mens') is combined with the element tra which forms tool-words. Thus mantra is a 'tool for thinking', a 'thing which creates a mental picture'. With its sounds it calls forth its content into a state of immediate reailty." ref Historically emphasized more in Mahayana than in Theravada Buddhism. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
maya ... illusion ... | Skt. | "illusion" all |
The illusory images of this world.
In the state of
avidya
(ignorance),
we are
entangled
in these images and believe they are real.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
metaxu μεταξύ in between, bridge, intermediary, middle ground | Greek | "intermediate" |
Intermediate, in the middle. Not binary. A bridge, an intermediary. "Every separation is a link." go: more at Wikipedia.orgSimone Weil One of the epithets for Jemsa. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
metta ... ... ... metteya | Skt. | "loving-kindness" all |
Loving-kindness. As a result of his complete understanding of his fellow beings, the Buddhist regards them as his own kin whose suffering he knows. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"If we take loving-kindness to its ultimate, all conditioned phenomena are accepted for what they are. That doesn’t mean all things are approved of; they are simply accepted. Everything has to be the way it is in the moment." Ajahn Sumedho Pali metteya leads to Maitreya. One of the four rules of metta, karuna, mudita, upekkha. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref
a
Last night a very good friend of mine asked me "what is loving-kindness?" and i realised that big fat me, the expert-in-english and long-time attempting-to-be-student-of-buddhism, didn't really have an answer! "Loving-kindness" is like the catch-phrase, we always say it that way. And then he also asked, "Why is it 'loving-kindness'? Why not just kindness? Aren't they saying the same thing?"
So this morning, this is what came to me: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
mind citta manas buddhi nama སེམས་ sem sems | eng. | the monkey all |
Mind translates several Sanskrit and Tibetan terms, including citta (Skt.; Tib. སེམས་ sem), buddhi (Skt.; Tib. བློ་ lo) and manas (Skt.; Tib. ཡིད་ yi). RigpaWiki.org Also see consciousness (vijnana). |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about the word
|
more about
The set of cognitive faculties that enables consciousness, perception, thinking, judgement, and memory.
Life is the co-existence of mind (nama) and matter (rupa).
Meditation is a vehicle to tame monkey mind. ... when monkey mind is tamed, focused, and quiet, it has great energy and power. What is Monkey Mind? |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
moha | Skt. |
"stupidity" ignorance all |
Ignorance, mental sloth, dullness, lethargy. A primitive state of mind. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref One of the causes of desire (trishna), along with ignorance (avidya). |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
moksha drol ba ཐར་པ་thar pa | Skt. | "deliverance", liberation all |
Freedom from samsara. Deliverance, liberation, through the Four Noble Truths. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
“[In the Upanishads it is stated that] liberation is ‘untying the knots of the heart’. So, whatever is a knot in the heart is something to be given up, to be renounced, to be let go of.”
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
monasticism ... | Eng. | ... all |
The disciplinary regulations ... are intended to create a life that is simple and focused, rather than one of deprivation or severe asceticism. However, celibacy is a fundamental part ... Wikipedia |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Buddhist_monasticismdiv class="shwhd"> more about | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
monlam prayer སྨོན་ལམ་smon lam | Tib. |
"wish path" aspiration, prayer all |
"It is not a request to an external deity, but a method of purifying and directing the mind." go: @FPMT_Nalana on Twitter.com (new window - secure tab)ref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"The prayer acts as inspiration by arousing the mind's inherent desire for good, which attracts the fulfillment of its aim." go: @FPMT_Nalana on Twitter.com (new window - secure tab)ref In Tibetan, "monlam" usually refers to the Great Prayer Festival, on the evening of the full moon of the first month of the Tibetan year (called lokhor). This commemorates the Buddha's victory over heretics at Sravasti. The great TsongKhapa introduced these festivities, which had been celebrated since the Earth Female Ox year of the seventh 60-year cycle (1409). biblio: Jetsun Pema, Tibet My Storyref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
mudita | Skt. | "sympathetic joy" all |
A natural result of experiencing interdependence; part of compassion. One of the four rules of metta, karuna, mudita, upekkha. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"Buddha said repeatedly: 'Let all beings be happy.' Gladness should be shared with all those who are in need of it. There should never be hatred or jealousy. Each of us can become a Buddha and approach our fellow beings with the mood of empathetic harmony that causes Buddhas to smile." go to biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan KnappertKnappert |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
mudra | Skt? |
Hand position, expressing one of 27 philosophical conditions, some being dharmachakra, jnana (jnana-mudra), dhyana (dhyanamudra), and sparsha (bhumisparsha). |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
mukta-kachha | Skt? | "Liberated to the end" |
A Buddhist who has achieved enlightenment. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
nadi | Skt.? |
Energy channel in the body. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
nidana | Skt. | The twelve links of dependent arising (conditioned co-production). |
Energy channel in the body. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
nirmanakaya | Skt. | "manifestation body" |
"The buddhas can manifest in any physical form — not simply as spiritual teachers—in response to what beings need." LionsRoar "One of the three aspects of the Buddha's cosmic body (kaya), which is the ultimate, universal reality." biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref The other two aspects are the dharmakaya (truth body), and sambhogakaya (enjoyment body). |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
The Manifestation-Body, that is, the form in which the Buddha has shown themself to humanity, as human as possible, going through birth, old age, and death. All the time he is motivated by his compassion for humanity, hoping that people will learn from his example and by following them, will find enlightenment, and an end to pain." biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
nirodha nirodha ... | Eng. |
cessation, "stopping" all |
nirodha - there is a way to cessation of suffering. The third of the Four Noble Truths |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
nirvana nibbana | Skt. |
"cessation", "extinction", "freedom" all |
Genuine freedom from samsara biblio: Tenzin Gyatso, The Little Book of Buddhism, p.14ref "Extinction of desire; freedom from rebirth." biblio: The Jew in the Lotusref "Nirvana is an insight which changes our way of living, and frees us from the suffering of Samsara." go: source @buddhismnow at Twitter.com (new window - secure tab)">ref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about the word
|
more about
"The state of neither being nor not being, that is, the state of being without opposites. As long as there are opposites, there are conflicts, there is a chain of action and reaction, and a man is the slave of karma." biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref "the condition of the removal of opposites, ... As a result his consciousness has expanded to include all other conscious minds ... is thus in constant contact with the feeling-centres of all other beings on earth and elsewhere. The result is perfect compasson with all other beings, the effect of a total understanding of each of them." biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref "Samsara, in another sense, implies a bondage. Nirvana implies a liberation from this bondage: the true cessation, the third of the Noble Truths. ... If the roots of delusion are thoroughly extracted, if creation of new Karma to cause rebirth in the circle of Samsara is brought to an end, if there are no more delusions to fertilize the Karma persisting from the past, then the continual rebirth of the suffering being will cease. Such a being, however, will not cease to exist. It has always existed in a body with a mortal residue. a body born because of prevous Karma and delusion. But after the cessation of rebirth, after the liberation from Samsara and the achievement of Nirvana, it will continue to have consciousness and a spiritual body free of delusion. This is the meaning of the true cessation of suffering." biblio: HHDL Introduction to Buddhismref
"Nirvana can indicate a lower stage,
in which there is simply no
suffering,
and also it can mean the highest stage,
called
Buddhahood.
This is the stage of supreme
Enlightenment,
total and unqualified,
free from all moral and mental defilement,
and from the defilement caused by the power of
discriminative thoughts."
biblio: HHDL Introduction to Buddhismref
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
nivritti | Skt. | tantric |
"In Tantrism, the yearning for peace and withdrawal from the world." biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Northern Schools | Eng. |
The schools of Buddhism of China, Japan, and Tibet, which use the terminology of Mahayana and Hinayana. biblio: Born in Tibet, Chogyam Trungparef |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
nyaya | Skt. | "philosophy", "logic", "reason" |
Fitting behavior, the proper way of achieving one's goal, the right method to arrive at a conclusion. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nyingma nyima, nyingmapa | Tib. | "School of the Ancients" tibetan |
Sect
of
Tibetan Buddhism.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
obstacle | Eng. |
There are five obstacles to enlightenment in Buddhism: lust and desire; ill will, anger; sloth, inertia; excitedness, worry; and doubt, wavering biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"Obstacles aren’t to be avoided.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
om | om |
A U M |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
om mani padme hung | Tib. | om jewel lotus hung tibetan |
"The Jewel in the Lotus"
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
oral tradition tibetan buddhism | Eng. | the practice of passing on teachings verbally, from voice to ear, without writing them down. all |
The traditional words prefacing teachings of the Buddha. are evaṃ mayā śrutam (thus have i heard). A very wonderful discussion of the oral tradition; what is lost and gained by writing things down, and more (from point of view of the Tibetan tradition) is here, by Adam S. Pearcey |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
padme padma lotus kamala | Tib. | "lotus" all |
Mind. Also, the world. kamala. kamala: The symbol of water, creation, self-creation. Divine purity - The lotus grows out of the mud, but floats on the water and is not defiled. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
skt: "Symbol of Divinity when used as a 'pedestal' by the gods. Signifies the soul rising out of the darkness of ignorance towards the light of knowledge, to rest serenely on the surface of the water." biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref Symbol of Maitreya. skt: Brahma resides on a lotus flower when he creates the earth, Bhu, from the primal ocean. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
paljor | Tib. | "glory" tibetan |
glory |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
pancendriya | Skt. | "five spiritual faculties" all |
Full development of the pancendriya makes one an arhat. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pancha Sila | Skt. | "five precepts" all |
The Five Precepts of Buddha-Dharma |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
paramatman | Skt. | "highest spirit" all |
"The Supreme Soul of the Universe
which pervades all space, unseen but conscious,
knowing, understanding."
biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
paramita perfection parami ... | Skt. | "perfection", "highest ideal", "virtue" all | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
paranirvana | Skt. | "beyond nirvana" all |
Conscious transition to nirvana, especially the death of the Gautama Buddha. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
path marga magga pada patha lam | Eng. | pada: "foot", "way" → the path of truth, the path of dharma all |
The dhamma pada: The way to cessation of suffering, the fourth of the Four Noble Truths
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"To attain either of the states of
Nirvana
...
Hinayana
and
Mahayana
represent two schools of thought by which we
discern this path."
biblio: HHDL Introduction to Buddhismref
All the keys are now to hand and have unlocked all the doors; then they are thrown away. The path becomes no path; the many words into the voice of heaven and earth; the many ideas are absorbed into the cosmic purpose. Trevor Legget |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
philosophy ... ... ... ... ... | Eng. | The study of general and fundamental concerns such as existence, knowledge, matter, values, reason, mind, and language. all |
Philosophical methods include questioning, critical discussion, rational argument, and systematic presentation. Wikipedia: Philosophyref
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
Buddhism as philosophy:
Buddhism teaching and Socratic questioning:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
pradhana | Skt. | "matter" all |
Matter, as opposed to spirit; nature. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
pratītya samutpāda प्रतीत्यसमुत्पाद पटिच्चसमुप्पाद (paṭiccasamuppāda) རྟེན་ཅིང་འབྲེ ལ་བར་འབྱུང་བ་ rten cing 'brel bar 'brung ba ten-ching drel-war jung-wa ten drel | Skt. |
"dependent origination"; the interdependence of everything all |
Everything exists in dependence on everything else. Including you and me. Hi! "It is a practical teaching, which is applied to dukkha (suffering) and the cessation of dukkha." Wikipedia |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
“We are what we think. All that we are arises with our thoughts.
With our thoughts we make the world.”
Explanation at RigpaWiki Extensive discussion at Wikipedia 8-minute teaching video by Ringu tulku Rinpoche at BuddhismNow.com |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
prakriti | Skt. | "matter" |
Nature. Matter. The female principle. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
prajna wisdom panna | Skt. | "wisdom", "discernment" all |
One of the two pillars of buddhism. (The other is compassion.) One of the Perfections, or Virtues. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"Wisdom ... is the stable essence of the Universe,
...
The vidyadhara are receptacles or bearers of wisdom. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
prana breath | Skt. | "breath" |
The first thing in life, the last in
death.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pratyeka Buddha | Skt. |
An individual Buddha, as opposed to a universal Buddha. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
pratimoksha | Skt. |
The rules of the monastery. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
puja | Skt. |
Practical worship. biblio: Jetsun Pema, Tibet My Storyref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
preta | Skt. |
Spirit of a dead person. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
purohita | Skt. | chief priest |
Chief Priest. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rabjung | Tib. |
The 60-year cycle of the Tibetan calendar, introduced in the 11th c. CE. Before that, the calendar followed a 12-year cycle. biblio: Jetsun Pema, Tibet My Storyref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"In ancient Tibet, the calendar followed a 12-year cycle. Each year was associated with an animal: horse, sheep, monkey, bird, dog, pig, mouse, ox, tiger, hare, dragon, and snake. In the eleventh century, a 60-year cycle named Rabjung was introduced. combining the animal names with the five elements: wood, fire, earth, iron, and water. In this system, each element was combined twice with the same animal. In order to differentiate the two years bearing the same name, the first was called 'male' and the second 'female'. This cycle began in 1027. A year is called a Lokhor." biblio: Jetsun Pema, Tibet My Storyref "Day and night are divided into two-hour periods, designated by the twelve animals as follows: daybreak/hare; sunrise/dragon; morning/snake; noon/horse; afternoon/sheep; evening/monkey; sunset/bird; dusk/dog; early night/pig; midnight/mouse; late night/ox; dawn/tiger." biblio: Jetsun Pema, Tibet My Storyref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ratna | Skt. | "excellence", "jewel" |
A sign of a holy person, object, or place, is that it is covered with jewels or excellence. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
Many jewels (precious objects) appeared when the gods churned the ocean with the pivot at creation.
One of the
Three Precious Jewels.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
rebirth | Eng. |
The idea that upon death (or "the dissolution of the aggregates" (P. khandhas, S. skandhas)), the consciousness becomes one of the contributing causes for the arising of a new aggregation. Wikipedia |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"While we remain more or less enmeshed in a selfhood regarded as our own, past and future lives are continually being produced by those forces which still bind us to worldly existence." biblio: Born in Tibet, Chogyam Trungparef Not the same as reincarnation |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
reincarnation | Eng. | "again in body" |
The philosophy that one self, or individual consciousness, has many lives in other physical bodies. Not a part of buddhism teachings, as the idea of "self" is only that, an idea, not real. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"The idea of reincarnation is part of the Buddhist philosophical framework. It is not part of the Buddha's teachings, but is considered by all Asians, whatever their donomination, to be a natural phenomenon. The Buddha taught that the 'ego' or 'soul' does not transmigrate. A life becomes the result of a previous one through a kind of kinetic energy. Any individual who has reached a high level of spiritual develoment is supposed to be able to direct this energy in a special way at the time of his death, so that it gives birth to a tulku - a reincarnated lama." biblio: Jetsun Pema, Tibet My Storyref An enlightened being is reborn as a tulku, or bodhisattva. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
religion | Eng. | "to bind, tie" |
"A set of beliefs concerning the cause, nature, and purpose of the universe, especially when considered as the creation of a superhuman agency or agencies, usually involving devotional and ritual observances, and often containing a moral code governing the conduct of human affairs." source |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
"The neat separation between religion and philosophy we insist on today didn't exist in western civilization until the 18th century or so, and there never was such a separation in eastern civilization." source “The categories 'Buddhism' and 'Hinduism' are products of the modern discourse on 'world religions,' and as such they possess both strengths and weaknesses when applied to contexts in which the word religion itself was not an emic [descrete phonetic] term prior to the modern period.” “Thailand, in particular, provides an excellent example of the way in which the boundaries between 'Buddhism' and 'Hinduism' — which, according to the parameters of the discourse on 'world religions,' informed as they are by Protestant assumptions about religion, should be wholly separate — are often strained in an actual Asian context.“ source
The answer may only depend on the criteria you are using to define "religion".
(I think this is true of most -- all? -- differences in opinions.)
more definitions:It can be said that Buddhism is a practice, or an "applied religious philosophy", and not a religion in the strictest sense. Buddhism does contain a set of beliefs concerning reality, but in essence: does not concern itself with "creation"; "gods"; blindly following faith or a moral code (instead emphasizing personal knowledge); reliance on prayer (rather on using personal meditation as a tool for knowledge). Buddhism is also a religion by any definition of that indefinable term — unless one narrowly defines religion as belief in a creator god. Tricycle.com Also, again, keeping in mind: "The neat separation between religion and philosophy we insist on today didn't exist in western civilization until the 18th century or so, and there never was such a separation in eastern civilization." Budddhism.About.com Some more good discussions are at BuddhaNet.net, ReligiousTolerance.org, Homeoint.org, |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
rigpa ... vidyā awareness རིག་པ་rig pa | Tib. | knowledge; awareness |
In general means "intelligence" or "awareness". In its deeper meaning: "the innermost nature of the mind", awareness of universal truth. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
In deeper connotation, can mean
bodhicitta itself.
go: Rigpa at THLib.org The opposite of the most basic of the basic poisons, ma rig pa, or avidya, ignorance.
more at
go: Rigpa at RigpaWiki.orgRigpaWiki
go: Rigpa at THLib.org |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
rinpoche gegeen huhuktu ... precious one ... tulku | Tib. | precious one tibetan |
Honorary term for a qualified and enlighted tibetan teacher or spiritual master (geshe). Often used for tulkus, or reincarnates. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
rupa ... matter ... | Pali | "form", "Matter" |
Form.
Life is the co-existence of mind (nama) and matter (rupa).
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
saddha faith | Skt.? Pali? | faith |
"the positive attitude of our
mind
and our whole being, without which no spiritual progress
can be attained."
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sakyapa | Tib. | tibetan - sakya |
The Sakyapa lineage, one of the schools of Tibetan Buddhism. Named after the Sakya monastery in western Tibet it originated from. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
Founded by Khion Konchog Gyalpo in the eleventh century. biblio: Jetsun Pema, Tibet My Storyref
"Sakya" also was the kingdom in which
Gautama
Buddha
was born, and of which he was prince.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
samadhi ... concentration ... samatha | Skt. | "concentration" all |
Concentration; absorption;
meditation.
One of the pursuits of the
mind
in following the
Path
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
Some good info is here. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
samana | Skt. |
A Buddhist ascetic. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
sambhogakaya saṃbhogakāya enjoy body ལོངས་སྐུ་ longs sku long ku | Skt. | "enjoyment body" mahayana |
"The body of communication, bliss, and the play of energy, in which enlightened mind manifests as the five wisdoms." LionsRoar |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about the word
|
more about
"One of the three aspects of the Buddha's cosmic body. In this body, wisdom and compassion have become one spirit. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref The other two aspects are the dharmakaya (truth body), and nirmanakaya (enamation body), |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
sampai le | Tib. | tibetan |
"Sampai Le is the manifest stage
of
karma
in which physical and oral actions occur."
biblio: HHDL Introduction to Buddhismref
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
samsara wheel | Skt. |
"chain"
sara - essence |
"our continued existence in the perpetual cycle of habitual tendencies" biblio: Tenzin Gyatso, The Little Book of Buddhism, p.14ref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
The whole round of existence, of jati (birth), bhava (existence), and upadana (attachedness). The never-ending chain of dukkha (suffering). moksha (liberation) from samsara can be reached through the Buddha Dharma
"To Samsara belongs everything which proceeds
from a chain of other causes
and which is thus involved in
Karma
and
delusion.
...
See also bhava cakra, dharmachakra. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
samudaya desire lobha tanha trishna trsna | Skt.? |
"desire" overwhelming wanting lobha: greed tanha: craving trishna: thirst, desire Also see kama: sexual desire all |
Wanting, grasping, attachment. Desire is the cause of suffering. This is the second of the Four Noble Truths |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
By desire, all are chained to samsara and dharmachakra, destiny's wheel. Causes jealousy, anger, and hatred (dosha), and is the result of moha (stupidity), and avidya (ignorance). The way to moksha (release) is through the Buddha-Dharma, the Four Noble Truths and the Eight-Fold Path As trsna, the eighth, and as updana, the ninth, of the twelve links of dependent origination, as pictured on the wheel of life. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
sangha | Skt.? | "society" all |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
sanjna | Skt. | "conscience" |
Insight, self-knowlege,
which leads to
compassion.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
sankhya | Skt. |
A philosophical system |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
sannyasin | Skt. | "renunciate" all |
Someone who has renounced the world and gone off to meditate. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
sanskara | Skt. | "composition, synthesis" |
“This may refer to a work of art; we speak of a musical composition, or a literary composition. it can also mean "decoration", when referring to visual art. Sanskara thus also means "refinement", since art requires the composition of the best of everything. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
“(Hence the word Sanskrit, literally "refined synthesis", the exquisite language of philosophy, consciously selected and composed by scholars from the best elements of the Aryan dialects.) “For a human being, samskara means "education, refinement, erudition", since that is the decoration of the soul, making a gross mind into a spirtual work of art, the highest intellectual achievement. “Represented by the Dhyani-Buddha Amoghasiddhi.” biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref Also meaning the karma formations, the second of the twelve links of dependent origination, as pictured on the wheel of life. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
sanyasa sannyasa nekkhamma ངེས་འབྱུང་ nges ‘byung | Skt. |
renunciation Skt lit. "abandonment" |
Giving up mental and material things. One of the Ten Virtues Someone who practices sanyasa is a sannyasin. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"... renouncing attachment, aversion and ignorance, renouncing whatever is toxic, whatever is an extra burden in our lives, whatever complicates and creates knots in our lives."
Thoughts at an extreme(?): "for Buddhists, feeling like you’re ‘losing your grip’ on reality and your once conventional, stable notion of self can mean progress, can carry an air of triumph ..." Ben Joffe |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
sara | Skt. | "essence" |
Essential part of a person; their soul, strength, worth. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
sat | Skt. |
The essence of Brahma, which is the same as the essence of Vishnu. Was never born, nor will it die. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
satori | Jap. | mahayana - zen |
The state of highest perception, achieved in meditation or as a sudden realization. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
school བཤད་གྲྭ་ bshad grwa shed ra | Eng. | "center for teaching" |
"The shedra is the school where monks and nuns study the most important Buddhist scriptures, based on the explanations of their teacher, or khenpo." More at RigpaWiki |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
schools sect ... ... ... | Eng. |
traditions streams variations |
The parable of the blind men and the elephant can be helpful when thinking about different 'schools' of buddhism.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tibetan Buddhism has traditions of Nyingma, Kagyud, Sakya, Geluk and Jonang. "Each of the schools adheres to all the teachings of Hinayana Mahayana, including Tantrayana, for Tibetan Buddhists do not separate these teachings, but pay equal respect to them all. For moral guidance, they conform to the Vinaya rules which are principally followed by Hinayanists, while for more esoteric practices, of every degree of profundity, they use the methods of the Mathayana (mahayana?) and Tantrayana schools." biblio: HHDL Introduction to Buddhismref "All schools recognize the Dalai Lama as the temporal and spiritual leader of all Tibetans." biblio: Jetsun Pema, Tibet My Storyref
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
seed syllable | Eng. |
"Each Buddha is associated with a particular Sanksrit letter or syllable that is a condensed form of the mantra connected with this Buddha. When visualizing a Buddha, one begins by visualizing such a syllable, which then melts into light and transforms itself into the Buddha — hence the term 'seed syllable'." biblio: Ricard, Journey to Enlightenment, p.13ref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
self atman | Eng. | all |
The mistaken perception of a solid, permananent entity in oneself
and in other beings or things. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
The same eye with which i see god
Of course there are alternate
realities.
We are here to learn how to be.
The whole universe consists of
All the violence, fear, and
suffering
And so, the purpose of
Buddhism
is |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
sempai le | Tib. | tibetan |
"Sempai Le is the latent stage of
Karma
in which physical action is yet to take shape;
the state where the impulse to act is subconsicous."
biblio: HHDL Introduction to Buddhismref
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
shakti | Skt. |
Female energy principle.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
shaman | Eng. | A person of spiritual power; a seer. mahayana |
The word comes from the Sanskrit shramana. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
shramana | Skt. | "one who makes an effort" mahayana |
An ascetic; in china, a Buddhism missionary. It is the origin of the word shaman, a seer. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
shunyata sunyatta, sunyata sunnata emptiness སྟོང་པོ་ཉིད་ | Skt. | "emptiness" all |
The concept that nothing exists independently by itself. Everything exists in dependence on other things. This also means, since nothing can exist independently, the non-existence of a "self", of an ultimate self-nature (anatman, no-self). Emptiness (sunyata) is a synonym for the insight of seeing not-self (anatta). ref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
It does not mean that there is nothing. It's more like, it means that there is everything. "there is no real correlate in [English], no single word or idea that can cover this ground of disrupted reality." go: more at LionsRoar.com (new window - secure tab)ref This is what we experience in the bardo. go: more at LionsRoar.com (new window - secure tab)ref
To be realized through
dhyana
(meditation) so that
bodhi
(enlightenment)
may be achieved.
metaxu thought: maybe it is human's search for emptiness that causes them to rip into each other, raze forests to the ground, kill rivers, shoot birds out of the sky. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
siddhu siddha | Skt. | "adept" |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
sipa khorlo ... srid pai khor lo wheel of life wheel of rebirth wheel of becoming dharmachakra bhava cakra bhavacakka | Tib. | life-wheel (?) |
The Wheel of Life, a complex symbolic representation of samsara the earthly cycle of death and rebirth, used primarily in Tibetan Buddhism. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
In the classic Tibetan image of the Wheel of life, it is held by Yama, god of the dead.
Six inner sections of the circle are the
six realms of rebirth:
These can be interpreted as the different mental states:
The twelve sections on the circumference show the twelve links of dependent origination: avidya, sanskara, vijnana, nama-rupa, sada yatanani, sparsa, vedana, trsna, updana, bhava, jati, and jara-marana, |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
six-pointed star | Eng. |
In Tantric Buddhism, a symbol of the cervix. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
Originated in ancient Mesopotamia as a symbol
of the cervix. Came in to
india
with the Aryans,
where it represented
Shakti,
the mother.
Entered Tibet with the teachings of the
Hindu,
tantric tradition.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
smrti mindfulness sati ... | Skt. | mindful awareness |
"Sati is the capacity to connect with things in an intimate way and yet in a spirit of nonattachment and nonidentification. From the point of view of ego it is a contradiction, or it is a paradox, or it is, frankly, not understandable, but this is the definition, the structure of awareness, mindfulness, sati." go: discussion on mindfulness, in article about patience by Corrado Pensa at buddhismnow.com (new window - secure tab)">ref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Southern Schools | Eng. | hinayana |
The schools of Buddhism of Ceylon, Burma, and Thailand. They do not use the same terminology as Mahayana and Hinayana. biblio: Born in Tibet, Chogyam Trungparef |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
sparsha all | Skt. | "witness" |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
study and practice all | Skt. | "witness" |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
sukkha sukha happiness ... | Skt.? Pali i think |
"satisfactoriness"; so by extension: "happiness" all |
Definitive, real, happiness. True absence of unsatisfactoriness, or suffering. To be reached by moksha, liberation, through the Four Noble Truths. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
To be reached through
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
sukhavati | Skt. | "happy earth" |
The Buddhist "paradise". The land of Amitabha (The Bodhisattva of compassion. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
sutantra | Skt. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
sutra | Skt. |
"piece of string" "the words sutra and sutures have the same root." biblio: The Jew in the Lotusref all |
1. "threads" of discourse.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
tantra | Skt. |
"ritual, rule" "a thread", "a continuity" tantra |
1. "methods for training the mind by bringing the future result, or Buddhahood, into the present path."
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
I think of it as bringing all the daily world into your practice all day. The word tantra originally meant a loom (connected with tantu, thread), then came to mean any structure. samsara — our continued existence in the perpetual cycle of habitual tendencies — and nirvana — genuine freedom from such an existence — are nothing but different minifestations of a basic continuum. So this continuity of consciousness is always present. — Tenzin Gyatso biblio: Tenzin Gyatso, The Little Book of Buddhism, p.14ref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
tantrayana | Skt. | "way of tantra" |
Instructions on spiritual method. vajrayana. As differing from Hinayana and Mahayana instructions on philosophy. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
Advanced meditation teachings, including deity yoga, promising speedy enlightenment. Makes use of mantras (formulas), yantras (symbols), mudras (hand positions), and mandalas. go: Dzongsar Jamyang Khyentse RinpocheKhyentse Rinpoche reminds us of go: article at Patheos.com (new window - secure tab)"Social media guidelines for so-called Vajrayana students" |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
tashi | Tib. | "auspicious" tibetan |
auspicious, lucky. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
thamzing | Chin. |
"Public punishment carried out by the Chinese Communists. ... |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
... The accused is made to stand for several hours in front of the populace gathered for the occasion. Family, children, and friends are obliged to take part. The accused must criticize himself, and those who are close to him must insult him, beat him and even spit on him. Humiiated and held up to ridicule, the accused often asks for a quick death." biblio: Jetsun Pema, Tibet My Storyref This punishment was introduced to Tibet with the invasion of the Chinese forces. The psychology of this system was explored in the Stanford prison experiment |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
tat tvam asi | Skt. | "that you are" all |
"You are that"
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Theravada | Skt.? | "way of the elders" |
The major section of the hinayana form of buddhism practiced in South-east Asia. (burma, thailand, cambodia, laos, parts of assam in india, sri lanka). |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Based on the Pali Canon, the Tripitaka. Emphasizes individual nirvana, and focused more on the original teachings of the historical Buddha than on subsequent commentaries. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tibetan Buddhism | Eng. | tibetan - mahayana |
The
Buddhism
of the country of
Tibet,
consisting of
Mahayana
Buddhism and elements of the old
Bön
relgion of Tibet, and of Tibetan Culture.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
time | Eng. | all |
In Christianity and Islam, time is a straight line moving in one direction. In Hinduism and Buddhism, it is circular and never ending. Time is the chain and the wheel of suffering from which one can be liberated. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
tonglen | Tib. |
"giving and taking"
altruism tibetan - mahayana |
Taking onto oneself the suffering of others on the in-breath, and giving happiness and success to all sentient beings on the out-breath. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"The practice of tonglen is very simple. We do not first have to sort out our doctrinal definitions of goodness and evil. We simply breathe out any old good and breathe in any old bad." biblio: HHDL Introduction to Buddhismref Get quote and put here. and do it :) Pema Choedron |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
torgya | Tib. | tibetan - mahayana |
Tibetan ceremony performed at the end of the year, symbolizing the rejection of evil. biblio: Jetsun Pema, Tibet My Storyref |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
trikaya triple body ... ... | Skt.? |
three
body, three forms mahayana |
Three aspects of the buddha; three ways that the buddha can manifest in this reality. They are:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"These three bodies are different manifestations of enlightened mind, and they are also the true nature of all sentient beings. In fact, the transformation of conventional body, speech, and mind into the three kayas is the basis of the Vajrayana path." LionsRoar |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
triratna three jewels | Skt. | "three jewels" mahayana? | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
tummo | Tib. | "inner heat" tantra - mahayana |
Advanced tantric meditation practice involving control of automatic processes of the body. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Two Truths [of reality] dva satya ... ... བདེན་པ་གཉིས་ bden pa gnyis |
Eng. |
suchness
kaya dharma emptiness wheel of life |
That there is conventional, everyday reality, and the absolute/ultimate reality of emptiness / interdependence.
Conventional truth is based on appearances, and includes the practice of love, compassion, and bodhichitta. Ultimate truth relates to reality and emptiness of intrinsic existence.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
The best known interpretation is from the Madhyamaka school of Mahāyāna Buddhism, whose founder Nagarjuna originally propounded the doctrine. Wikipedia The whole is always there — it is only because of the whole that the particular exists, but one cannot see the whole as one would a part. We say it is like the eye which sees, but cannot see itself, or the knife which can cut, but cannot cut itself. So to see the absolute, one should not hold on to anything in the relative world. Two Levels of Truth The parable of the blind men and the elephant can be helpful when thinking about views of reality. Some more good discussions are at Buddhism.About.com, Form is no other than emptiness; emptiness no other than form. Form is exactly emptiness; emptiness exactly form. The Buddha, The Heart Sutra Which can also be related to matter (form) and energy (emptiness) — you cannot measure both at the same time. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Universal Vehicle | Eng. |
The
Greater Vehicle,
or
Mahayana
Buddhism.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
upadana ... ... attachment ... | Skt. | "attachedness" all |
Attachedness. Part of samsara to which all human beings are chained. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
upasaka | Skt. | "follower" (?) all |
follower, student. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
upavastha | Skt. |
Confession by a Buddhist monk of any breach he has committed against the monastic rules (pratimoksha), of the order, in the monks' gathering. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
upekkha | Skt. | "equanimity" all |
Equanimity. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
"Nothing must be allowed to disturb the crystal clarity of the Buddhist mind, All strong emotions are harmful; suffering is to be expected anyway; death is not frightening for those who are not attached to life. A Buddhist fears no enemies since he hates no one." biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref One of the four rules of: metta, karuna, mudita, upekkha. biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ushnisha | Skt.? |
The raised dome on top of the Buddha's head. It contains his superior knowledge and understanding, and implies that he was predestined for enlightenment. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
vajrayana | Skt. | "Way of the Vajra", "diamond truth" tantra - mahayana | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
veda oida wissen | Skt. | sacred knowledge all |
Greek "oida", German "wissen" - to know |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
vidyadhara | Skt. | "wisdom-bearers" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
vijnana consciousness vijñāna ... རྣམ་ཤེས་ nam shes nam shey | Skt. | consciousness all |
awareness. "awareness of one's own existence, sensations, thoughts, surroundings, etc." ref “Consciousness is everywhere” ref Also see mind. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about the word
|
more about
In tibetan buddhism:Represented by the second Dhyani-Buddha, Akshobhya biblio: Indian Mythology, Jan Knappertref The third of the twelve links of dependent origination, as pictured on the wheel of life. In science and buddhism:
"New theories in neuroscience suggest consciousness is an intrinsic property of everything, just like gravity."
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
vajra dorje | Skt. | tibetan - mahayana |
thunderbolt; diamond |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
vehicle yana | Eng. |
A path, or way, to spiritual growth, and eventually liberation. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
vihara monastery gompa wat | Skt. |
A Buddhist monastery in the Theravadan tradition. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
vinaya ethics shila | Skt. | morality all |
Religious ethics, the principles of morality; one of the pursuits of the mind in following the Path. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
violence | Eng. | all |
"... from the Buddhist viewpoint, theoretically speaking,
violence is considered just a method,
so the method is not very important.
What is important is motivation. The goal. ...
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
vipassana lhagthong meditation | Skt. | all |
A method of meditation, Specifically, insight meditation, practiced in Theravada Buddhism. Involves becoming aware of the processes of the mind through observation. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
virya viriya energy | Skt. | energy |
One of the Five Spiritual Faculties |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Wheel of Dharma | Eng. | all |
The Buddha's teachings. When he taught, he "turned the Wheel of dharma". |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
war | Eng. |
What is it good for. A social activity that is a holdover of our monkey days. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about
Along with its related illusions such as "patriotism", "nationalism", "politics", etc., is used by individuals to vent their emotions, by nation-states and governments to control their people, and by businesses to make money — all because caught in samsara and attachedness. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
words ... ... ... ... | Eng. | all |
According to the Pali canon ... the fabrications of language cannot properly be used to describe anything outside of the realm of fabrication.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
yabyum | Tib. | tantra - tibetan - mahayana |
The union of Wisdom and Method, represented as sexual union between a fierce diety and a dakini. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
yajamana | Tib. | benefactor tibetan |
Mongolia as benefactor entered into a priest-patron relationship with Tibet in the 13th c. CE. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
yantra | Skt. | tantra - mahayana |
Sacred diagrams. Used in tantrayana. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Zen meditation dhyana Thiền 禪 Chán ch'an jhana བསམ་གཏན། bsam gtan sam ten | Jap. | meditation mahayana |
A form of buddhism that emphasises insight meditation and immediate experience over ritual and study. Some teachers of Zen are Bodhidharma, Dogen, D. T. Suzuki, Thich Nhat Hanh, and Alan Watts. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
more about the word
The word in various languages are forms of the word dhyana — insight, meditation — except the Tibetan samten, which is a direct translation. |
Zen places supreme emphasis on self-power: on the active mobilization of all one’s energies towards the realization of the ideal of enlightenment. Tibetan ZenSam van Schaik has found a tradition of Tibetan Zen in an extensive study of rare ninth- and tenth-century Tibetan manuscripts from Dunhuang. Lion's Roar, 20 April 2016 |